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1.
Pratique Neurologique - FMC ; 2020.
Article in English, French | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-765499

ABSTRACT

Five major categories of COVID-19 related neurological disorders emerged: encephalopathies, often with agitation, delirium and psychosis. Their physiopathology is probably mixed (general sepsis-induced inflammation, hypoxemia, renal failure, hypercoagulability, direct viral aggression);dysimmune CNS disorders (acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, more rarely Miller–Fisher syndrome, acute haemorrhagic necrotic encephalitis…);ischaemic strokes associated with a prothrombotic state: COVID-19 appears to be an independant risk factor of stroke;Guillain–Barré syndrome;various cranial nerves or peripheral nerves injuries. Anosmia, which is a key symptom, is most often the consequence of the olfactive epithelial insult, but may sometimes be due to the extension of viral aggression to the olfactive nerve and cortex. Prevention, early recognition and management of COVID-19-related neurological disorders are challenging and require a better understanding of their physiopathology.

2.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol ; 41(11): 2012-2016, 2020 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-725341

ABSTRACT

We performed a retrospective review in both comprehensive stroke units of a region affected early by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, between March 1 and April 26, 2020, including patients with COVID-19 who underwent mechanical thrombectomy for ischemic stroke. We identified 13 cases, representing 38.2% of 34 thrombectomies performed during this period. We observed increased mortality and a high incidence of thrombotic complications during hospitalization. Given the high rate of infected patients, systematic use of full personal protection measures seems justified.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Stroke/etiology , Stroke/surgery , Thrombectomy , Aged , Betacoronavirus , COVID-19 , Female , France , Humans , Incidence , Male , Pandemics , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2 , Thrombectomy/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
3.
Eur J Neurol ; 27(9): 1783-1787, 2020 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-255574

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To date, no study has attempted to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the incidence and treatment of acute stroke. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of acute stroke pathway parameters in all three stroke units in the Alsace region during the first month of the outbreak (1-31 March 2020), using the similar period from 2019 as a comparator. A secondary detailed analysis of all stroke alerts and stroke unit admissions was performed in the centre with the largest case volume. RESULTS: Compared to the same period in 2019, in March 2020 there were 39.6% fewer stroke alerts and 33.3% fewer acute revascularization treatments [40.9% less intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and 27.6% less mechanical thrombectomy (MT)]. No marked variation was observed in the number of stroke unit admissions (-0.6%). The proportion of patients with acute revascularization treatments (IVT or MT) out of the total number of stroke unit admissions was significantly lower in March 2020 (21.3%) compared to 2019 (31.8%), P = 0.034. There were no significant differences in time delays or severity of clinical symptoms for patients treated by IVT or MT, nor in the distribution of final diagnosis amongst stroke alerts and stroke unit admissions. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the overall incidence of stroke remained the same, but fewer patients presented within the therapeutic time window. Increased public awareness and corrective measures are needed to mitigate the deleterious effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on acute stroke care.


Subject(s)
COVID-19/epidemiology , Pandemics , Stroke/epidemiology , Aged , Cerebral Revascularization/statistics & numerical data , Female , France/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Male , Mass Screening , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Stroke/therapy , Thrombectomy/statistics & numerical data , Thrombolytic Therapy/statistics & numerical data , Time-to-Treatment , Treatment Outcome
4.
Non-conventional in French | WHO COVID | ID: covidwho-726693

ABSTRACT

Introduction Bien que les manifestations neurologiques associées à l’infection par SARS-CoV-2 soient de plus en plus rapportées, peu de données sont disponibles sur leurs caractéristiques cliniques et leur pronostic. Matériels et méthodes Nous avons mené une étude observationnelle rétrospective multicentrique afin de décrire les manifestations neurologiques associées à l’infection par SARS-CoV-2 pendant la vague épidémique en France en mars et avril 2020. Nous avons inclus des patients COVID-19 ayant des symptômes neurologiques de novo survenant en relation temporelle étroite avec les autres symptômes de la maladie. Résultats Nous avons inclus 222 patients NeuroCOVID provenant de 46 centres de différentes régions françaises. L’âge médian était de 65 ans (IQR 53–72) et 136 patients (61,3 %) étaient des hommes. La maladie COVID-19 était sévère ou réanimatoire pour près de la moitié des patients (102, 45,2 %). Des atteintes du système nerveux central étaient rapportées pour 189 patients (85,1 %) et des atteintes du système nerveux périphérique pour 29 patients (13,1 %). Les symptômes neurologiques les plus fréquents étaient une altération de l’état mental (117, 52,4 %) et un déficit neurologique focal central (97, 43,7 %). Une imagerie cérébrale a été réalisée chez 192 patients (86,5 %), dont 157 IRM (70,7 %), et montrait des lésions aiguës dans 85/192 cas (44,3 %). Parmi les 97 examens du liquide céphalorachidien (LCR), une pléiocytose était présente chez 18 patients (18,6 %) et la PCR SARS-CoV-2 était positive dans 2 des 75 LCR testés (2,7 %). Le suivi médian était de 24jours et le taux de mortalité était de 12,6 %. Sur l’ensemble des manifestations neurologiques associées au COVID-19, nous décrivons 67 patients avec encéphalopathie associée au COVID, 21 patients avec encéphalite, 57 patients avec accident ischémique cérébral et 15 patients avec syndrome de Guillain-Barré. Conclusion Il s’agit à notre connaissance de la plus large série de patients neuroCOVID actuellement publiée au monde. Elle met en évidence le spectre très large des différentes manifestations neurologiques liées au COVID-19, avec au premier plan encéphalopathies et accidents ischémiques cérébraux, et dans une moindre mesure, encéphalites et syndromes de Guillain-Barré.

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